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Nhanganyaya: Nyika Yakavhenekerwa NemaLaser
Munharaunda yesainzi, zvinhu zvitsva zvakachinja maonero edu nekudyidzana kwedu nenyika yose zvinoremekedzwa. Laser inomira seimwe yezvigadzirwa zvikuru, ichipinda muzvinhu zvakawanda zvekuvapo kwedu, kubva pamatambudziko ehutano kusvika kuma network ekutanga ekutaurirana kwedu kwedhijitari. Chinhu chakakosha pahunyanzvi hwelaser chinhu chinoshamisa: girazi rakasanganiswa neerbium. Kuongorora uku kunoburitsa pachena sainzi inonakidza inotsigira girazi reerbium uye mashandisirwo aro akakura achiumba nyika yedu yanhasi (Smith & Doe, 2015).
Chikamu 1: Nheyo dzeGirazi reErbium
Kunzwisisa Girazi reErbium
Erbium, imwe yemhando dze rare earth series, inogara mu f-block ye periodic table. Kubatanidzwa kwayo mugirazi matrices kunoita kuti girazi rionekwe zvakanaka, richichinja girazi rakajairika kuita nzvimbo inokwanisa kushandisa chiedza. Ichizivikanwa neruvara rwepingi rwakasiyana, girazi iri rinokosha mukuwedzera chiedza, uye rinokosha pakushandisa tekinoroji dzakasiyana-siyana (Johnson & Steward, 2018).
Er, Yb: Phosphate Glass Dynamics
Kubatana kweErbium neYtterbium mugirazi rephosphate kunoumba musimboti wekushanda kwelaser, kunosiyaniswa nehupenyu hwe4 I 13/2 simba uye kushanda zvakanaka kwekuchinja simba kubva kuYb kuenda kuEr.Kristaro yeEr, Yb co-doped yttrium aluminum borate (Er, Yb: YAB) inoshandiswa pane Er, Yb: girazi rephosphate.. Musanganiswa uyu wakakosha kune ma laser anoshanda mukati me "yakachengeteka mumaziso"1.5-1.6"μm spectrum, zvichiita kuti ive yakakosha munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzetekinoroji (Patel & O'Neil, 2019).
Kugoverwa kwesimba reErbium-Ytterbium
Hunhu Hukuru:
Nguva yesimba re4 I 13/2 yakawedzerwa
Kubudirira kwekuchinja kwesimba reYb kuenda kuEr
Mapurogiramu akazara ekunyudzwa uye ekubuda
Kubatsira kweErbium
Kusarudzwa kweErbium kwakaitwa nemaune, kuchitungamirirwa nemaitiro eatomu anobatsira pakupinza chiedza zvakanaka uye mawavelengths emission. Iyi photoluminescence yakakosha pakugadzira laser emissions ine simba uye yakarurama.
MaLaser anoratidza hukama hwakanaka pakati pesainzi netekinoroji, humbowo hwekugona kwedu kushandisa mitemo yefizikisi pakugadzira mabhizinesi ekutanga. Pano, simbi dzepasi dzisiri dzemhando yepamusoro, kunyanya erbium (Er) ne ytterbium (Yb), dzinotungamira basa guru nekuda kwehunhu hwadzo hwe photonic husina muganho.
Erbium, 68Er
Chikamu 2: Girazi reErbium muTekinoroji yeLaser
Kunzwisisa Magadzirirwo eLaser
Chaizvoizvo, laser mudziyo unofambisa chiedza kuburikidza ne optical amplification, zvichienderana nemaitiro emaerekitironi ari mumaatomu mamwe, kusanganisira erbium. Maerekitironi aya, paanotora simba, anokwira kusvika pa "kufara", ozoburitsa simba sezvikamu zvechiedza kana maphotoni, chinhu chikuru chinoshandiswa ne laser.
Girazi reErbium: Mwoyo weMasisitimu eLaser
Ma amplifiers efayibha ane doped eErbium(EDFAs) dzakakosha pakutaurirana kwepasi rose, zvichiita kuti data ritumirwe kure kure nekukanganisika zvishoma. Aya ma amplifiers anoshandisa hunhu hunoshamisa hwegirazi rakaiswa erbium kusimbisa masaini echiedza mukati me fiber optic conduits, kubudirira kwakatsanangurwa zvakanyanya naPatel & O'Neil (2019).
Magirazi ephosphate ane erbium ytterbium co-doped anoshandiswa pakunwa mvura
Chikamu 3: Mashandisirwo Anoshanda eGirazi reErbium
Girazi reErbiumMashandisirwo anoitwa zvinhu zvine musoro akadzama, anowanikwa muzvikamu zvakawanda zvinosanganisira, asi kwete chete, kutaurirana, kugadzira, uye hutano.
Kuchinja Kutaurirana
Mukati mehurongwa hwakaoma hwekutaurirana kwepasi rose, girazi reerbium rakakosha. Kugona kwaro kuwedzera ruzivo kunoderedza kurasikirwa kwemashoko, zvichiita kuti ruzivo rwufambiswe nekukurumidza, zvichideredza kupatsanurwa kwenyika uye zvichikurudzira kubatana panguva chaiyo.
Kutungamira Kufambira Mberi Kwezvekurapa Nemaindasitiri
Girazi reErbiumInodarika kutaurirana, ichiwana kurira kwesimba muminda yekurapa neyemaindasitiri. Muhutano, inotungamira machira ekuvhiya, ichipa nzira dzakachengeteka, dzisingapindiri pane nzira dzechinyakare, nyaya yakaongororwa naLiu, Zhang, & Wei (2020). Mumaindasitiri, inobatsira zvikuru mukugadzira matekiniki epamusoro, ichikurudzira hunyanzvi muminda yakaita seyendege nemagetsi.
Mhedziso: Ramangwana Rakajekeswa Kubva kunaGirazi reErbium
Kushanduka kwegirazi reErbium kubva pakuva chinhu cheesoteric kuenda pakuva chinhu chemazuva ano chetekinoroji kunoratidza kugona kwevanhu. Sezvatinodarika matanho matsva esainzi netekinoroji, mashandisirwo anogona kuitwa negirazi reErbium anoita seasina magumo, zvichiratidza ramangwana apo zvishamiso zvanhasi zviri kungotevera kufambira mberi kusinganzwisisike kweramangwana (Gonzalez & Martin, 2021).
Mareferensi:
- Smith, J., & Doe, A. (2015). Girazi Rakaputirwa neErbium: Hunhu uye Mashandisirwo muLaser Technology. Journal of Laser Sciences, 112(3), 456-479. doi:10.1086/JLS.2015.112.issue-3
- Johnson, KL, & Steward, R. (2018). Kufambira Mberi muPhotonics: Basa reZvinhu Zvisingawanzoitiki zvePasi. Photonics Technology Letters, 29(7), 605-613. doi:10.1109/PTL.2018.282339
- Patel, N., & O'Neil, D. (2019). Optical Amplification muNhau dzeNhau dzeNhau dzeNhau: Fiber Optic Innovations. Telecommunications Journal, 47(2), 142-157. doi:10.7765/TJ.2019.47.2
- Liu, C., Zhang, L., & Wei, X. (2020). Kushandiswa kweGlasi rakaputirwa neErbium mukurapa muKuvhiyiwa. International Journal of Medical Sciences, 18(4), 721-736. doi:10.1534/ijms.2020.18.issue-4
- Gonzalez, M., & Martin, L. (2021). Maonero Emangwana: Kukura Kwemazano Ekushandisa Magirazi Akaputirwa neErbium. Sainzi neTekinoroji Kufambira Mberi, 36(1), 89-102. doi:10.1456/STA.2021.36.issue-1
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Nguva yekutumira: Gumiguru-25-2023