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MaLaser, chinhu chikuru chetekinoroji yemazuva ano, anonakidza sezvaari akaoma kunzwisisa. Pakati pawo pane symphony yezvikamu zvinoshanda pamwe chete kugadzira chiedza chakabatana uye chakawedzerwa. Iyi blog inotarisa zvakadzama zvezvikamu izvi, zvichitsigirwa nemisimboti yesainzi uye maequation, kuti ipe kunzwisisa kwakadzama kwetekinoroji yelaser.
Ruzivo Rwepamusoro muZvikamu zveLaser System: Maonero Ehunyanzvi kune Nyanzvi
| Chikamu | Basa | Mienzaniso |
| Wana Pakati Nepakati | Gain medium chinhu chinoshandiswa mulaser kuwedzera chiedza. Inobatsira kuwedzera chiedza kuburikidza nekuchinja kwevanhu uye kuburitsa chiedza. Sarudzo yegain medium ndiyo inosarudza hunhu hwemwaranzi yelaser. | MaLaser Emamiriro Akasimba: semuenzaniso, Nd:YAG (Neodymium-doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet), inoshandiswa mukurapa uye mumaindasitiri.MaLaser eGasisemuenzaniso, malaser eCO2, anoshandiswa kucheka nekuwedera.Semiconductor Lasers:semuenzaniso, ma laser diode, anoshandiswa mukutaurirana kwe fiber optics uye ma laser pointers. |
| Kupomba Manyuko | Soko rekupomba rinopa simba kune gain medium kuti pave nekuchinja kwevanhu (sosi yesimba rekuchinja vanhu), zvichiita kuti laser ishande. | Kupomba Kwemaziso: Kushandisa matsime echiedza akasimba semaflash rambi kupomba ma solid-state lasers.Kupomba Kwemagetsi: Kufadza gasi riri mumalasers egasi kuburikidza nemagetsi.Kupomba Kwemasemiconductor: Kushandisa ma laser diode kupomba solid-state laser medium. |
| Mhara Yemaziso | Mugodhi wechiedza, une magirazi maviri, unoratidza chiedza kuti uwedzere kureba kwenzira yechiedza munzvimbo inopinda chiedza, nokudaro zvichiwedzera kuwedzera kwechiedza. Unoita kuti chiedza chiwedzere kupenya, zvichisarudza hunhu hwechiedza hunoenderana neruvara rwechiedza. | Mhara Yeplanari-Planari: Inoshandiswa mukutsvagisa murabhoritari, chimiro chiri nyore.Mhara ine Planar-Concave: Inowanikwa muma laser eindasitiri, inopa matanda emhando yepamusoro. Mhara yeRing: Inoshandiswa mumagadzirirwo chaiwo ema ring lasers, se ring gas lasers. |
Nzira Yekuwana Mari: Mukana weQuantum Mechanics neOptical Engineering
Mashandiro eQuantum muGain Medium
Nzvimbo yekuwana chiedza ndiyo nzvimbo inonyanya kushandiswa pakuwedzera chiedza, chinhu chakadzika midzi mu quantum mechanics. Kudyidzana pakati pesimba nemamiriro ezvinhu nezvikamu zviri mukati menzvimbo iyi kunotongwa nemisimboti yekusimudzirwa kwesimba uye kuchinja kwevanhu. Hukama hwakakosha pakati pesimba rechiedza (I), simba rekutanga (I0), chikamu chekuchinja (σ21), uye nhamba dzezvikamu pamatanho maviri esimba (N2 naN1) hunotsanangurwa ne equation I = I0e^(σ21(N2-N1)L). Kuwana kuchinja kwevanhu, uko N2 > N1, kwakakosha pakuwedzera chiedza uye ibwe guru re laser physics[1].
Masisitimu eMatanho Matatu vs. eMatanho Mane
Mumagadzirirwo e laser anoshanda, masisitimu ane nhanho nhatu neane nhanho ina anowanzo shandiswa. Masisitimu ane nhanho nhatu, kunyangwe ari nyore, anoda simba rakawanda kuti asvike pakuchinjika kwevanhu sezvo nhanho yepasi ye laser iri pasi. Masisitimu ane nhanho ina, kune rumwe rutivi, anopa nzira inoshanda yekupinda mukuchinjika kwevanhu nekuda kwekuora nekukurumidza kusina radiative kubva padanho repamusoro resimba, zvichiita kuti zvive zvakanyanya kushandiswa mumashandisirwo e laser emazuva ano [2].
Is Girazi rakasanganiswa neErbiumnzira yekuwana mari?
Ehe, girazi rakaiswa erbium imhando ye gain medium inoshandiswa muma laser systems. Muchirevo ichi, "doping" zvinoreva maitiro ekuwedzera huwandu hwakati hwe erbium ions (Er³⁺) mugirazi. Erbium chinhu chisingawanzoitiki chepasi icho, kana chikabatanidzwa mugirazi, chinogona kuwedzera chiedza kuburikidza nekusimudzirwa, maitiro akakosha mukushanda kwe laser.
Girazi rakasanganiswa neErbium rinonyanya kuzivikanwa nekushandiswa kwaro mumafiber lasers nemafiber amplifiers, kunyanya muindasitiri yekutaurirana. Rakakodzera mashandisirwo aya nekuti rinowedzera chiedza zvakanaka pama wavelengths anenge 1550 nm, inova ndiyo wavelength yakakosha yekutaurirana kwe optical fiber nekuda kwekurasikirwa kwaro mu standard silica fibers.
Iyoerbiummaayoni anotora chiedza chepombi (kazhinji kubva kudiode yelaser) uye vanofara nemamiriro esimba akakwira. Pavanodzokera kumamiriro esimba akaderera, vanoburitsa ma photon pawavelength inodzikira, zvichibatsira mukuita kwe laser. Izvi zvinoita kuti girazi rakaiswa erbium rive nzira inoshanda uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzira laser neamplifier.
Mablogu Akafanana: Nhau - Girazi Rakaputirwa neErbium: Sainzi & Mashandisirwo
Nzira Dzekupomba: Simba Rinotungamira MaLaser
Nzira Dzakasiyana-siyana Dzekuwana Kuchinja Kwevanhu
Kusarudzwa kwenzira yekupomba kwakakosha mukugadzirwa kwelaser, zvichipesvedzera zvese kubva pakushanda zvakanaka kusvika pakubuda kwewavelength. Kupomba kwemaziso, uchishandisa maturusi ekunze akadai semaflash mwenje kana mamwe malaser, kwakajairika muma solid-state uye ma dye lasers. Nzira dzemagetsi dzinoshandiswa mu gas lasers, nepo ma semiconductor lasers anowanzo shandisa electron injection. Kushanda zvakanaka kwema pumping mechanisms aya, kunyanya muma diode-pumped solid-state lasers, kwave kuri chinhu chakakosha mukutsvagurudza kwazvino, zvichipa kushanda kwakanyanya uye kupfupika.3].
Pfungwa dzehunyanzvi mukushanda zvakanaka kwepombi
Kushanda zvakanaka kwemaitiro ekupomba chinhu chakakosha pakugadzirwa kwelaser, zvichikanganisa mashandiro ese uye kukodzera kwekushandiswa. Muma lasers akasimba, kusarudza pakati pemwenje inopenya uye ma diode elaser senzvimbo yekupomba kunogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya kushanda zvakanaka kwesystem, mutoro wekupisa, uye mhando yemwaranzi. Kuvandudzwa kwema laser diode ane simba guru uye anoshanda zvakanyanya kwakachinja masisitimu e DPSS laser, zvichiita kuti magadzirirwo e DPSS ave madiki uye anoshanda zvakanaka.4].
Mhara Yemaziso: Kugadzira Beam reLaser
Kugadzira Maburi: Mutemo Wekuenzanisa weFizikisi neUinjiniya
Mhuno yemaziso, kana kuti resonator, haisi chinhu chisiri chega asi chikamu chinoshanda mukuumba mwenje welaser. Dhizaini yemhuno, kusanganisira kutenderera uye kurongeka kwemagirazi, inoita basa rakakosha mukuona kugadzikana, chimiro chemodhi, uye kubuda kwelaser. Mhuno yacho inofanira kugadzirwa kuti iwedzere kuwedzera kwekuwedzera kwechiedza uku ichideredza kurasikirwa, dambudziko rinosanganisa optical engineering newave optics.5.
Mamiriro Ekufamba-famba uye Kusarudzwa Kwemodhi
Kuti laser oscillation iitike, gain inopiwa ne medium inofanira kupfuura kurasikirwa kuri mukati me cavity. Iyi mamiriro, pamwe chete nechinodiwa che coherent wave superposition, zvinoreva kuti mamwe ma longitudinal modes chete ndiwo anotsigirwa. Mode spacing uye wholesale mode structure zvinokanganiswa nehurefu hwe cavity uye refractive index ye gain medium[6].
Mhedziso
Kugadzirwa uye mashandiro emasisitimu elaser kunosanganisira hunyanzvi hwakasiyana-siyana hwefizikisi nehurongwa hweinjiniya. Kubva paquantum mechanics inodzora gain medium kusvika kuinjiniya yakaoma ye optical cavity, chikamu chimwe nechimwe chesisitimu yelaser chinoita basa rakakosha mukushanda kwayo kwese. Chinyorwa chino chakapa ruzivo rwakadzama rwenyika yakaoma ye tekinoroji yelaser, ichipa ruzivo rwunoenderana nekunzwisisa kwepamusoro kwemapurofesa nemainjiniya e optical mumunda uyu.
Mareferensi
- 1. Siegman, AE (1986). Lasers. Yunivhesiti Sayenzi Mabhuku.
- 2. Svelto, O. (2010). Nheyo dzeLaser. Springer.
- 3. Koechner, W. (2006). Uinjiniya weLaser weSolid-State. Springer.
- 4. Piper, JA, & Mildren, RP (2014). Diode Pumped Solid State Lasers. Mubhuku reMabhuku eTekinoroji neMashandisirwo eLaser (Vol. III). CRC Press.
- 5. Milonni, PW, & Eberly, JH (2010). Fizikisi yeLaser. Wiley.
- 6. Silfvast, WT (2004). Laser Fundamentals. Cambridge University Press.
Nguva yekutumira: Mbudzi-27-2023