Chii chinonzi Inertial Navigation?
Zvinokosha zve Inertial Navigation
Misimboti yakakosha yekufamba inertial yakafanana neiyo yedzimwe nzira dzekufambisa. Inotsamira pakuwana ruzivo rwakakosha, kusanganisira chinzvimbo chekutanga, kutarisisa kwekutanga, gwara uye kutungamira kwekufamba panguva yega yega, uye zvishoma nezvishoma kubatanidza data iri (rinofananidzwa nemasvomhu ekubatanidza mashandiro) kunyatsoona mafambiro ekufambisa, senge kutaridzika uye chinzvimbo.
Basa remaSensors muinertial Navigation
Kuti uwane maitiro ezvino (mafungiro) uye ruzivo rwechinzvimbo chechinhu chinofamba, inertial navigation masisitimu anoshandisa seti yeakakosha sensors, anonyanya kusanganisira accelerometers uye gyroscopes. Aya ma sensors anoyera angular velocity uye kukurumidza kwemutakuri mune inertial referensi furemu. Iyo data inobva yabatanidzwa uye inogadziriswa nekufamba kwenguva kuti iwane velocity uye ruzivo rwechinzvimbo. Zvadaro, ruzivo urwu runoshandurwa kuva nzira yekufambisa yekufambisa, pamwe chete neyekutanga nzvimbo data, inoguma mukutsunga kwenzvimbo yezvino yemutakuri.
Operation Misimboti ye Inertial Navigation Systems
Inertial navigation systems inoshanda seyakazvimirira, mukati yakavharika-loop navigation system. Ivo havavimbe nenguva chaiyo yekunze data updates kugadzirisa zvikanganiso panguva yekufamba kwemutakuri. Saka nekudaro, imwe inertial navigation system inokodzera kupfupi-nguva yekufamba mabasa. Kwekushanda kwenguva refu, inofanirwa kusanganiswa nedzimwe nzira dzekufambisa, dzakadai sesatellite-based navigation system, kugadzirisa nguva nenguva zvikanganiso zvakaunganidzwa zvemukati.
The Concealability of Inertial Navigation
Mune tekinoroji yemazuva ano yekufambisa, kusanganisira yekudenga, satellite navigation, uye radio navigation, inertial navigation inomira pachena sekuzvimirira. Haibudisi zviratidzo kune nharaunda yekunze kana zvinoenderana nezvinhu zvemudenga kana zviratidzo zvekunze. Nekuda kweizvozvo, inertial navigation masisitimu inopa iyo yepamusoro nhanho yekuvanzika, ichiita kuti ive yakakodzera kune zvikumbiro zvinoda kuvanzika kwakanyanya.
Tsanangudzo Yepamutemo ye Inertial Navigation
Inertial Navigation System (INS) is a navigation parameter estimation system inoshandisa gyroscopes uye accelerometers semasensor. Iyo sisitimu, yakavakirwa pakubuda kwegyroscopes, inomisikidza nzira yekufamba-famba ichishandisa kubuda kweaccelerometer kuverengera kumhanya uye chinzvimbo chemutakuri muhurongwa hwekufambisa.
Zvikumbiro zve Inertial Navigation
Inertial tekinoroji yakawana maapplication akakura munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana, zvinosanganisira aerospace, ndege, maritime, petroleum exploration, geodesy, oceanographic ongororo, geological drilling, marobhoti, uye njanji masisitimu. Nekuuya kweyepamusoro inertial sensors, inertial tekinoroji yakawedzera kushandiswa kwayo kuindasitiri yemotokari uye zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvekurapa, pakati pemamwe minda. Uku kuri kuwedzera kwechikamu chezvishandiso kunosimbisa kuwedzera kwakakosha basa rekutenderera kweinertial mukupa kufambisa kwepamusoro-soro uye kugona kwekumisikidza kune akawanda maapplication.
Iyo Core Chikamu che Inertial Guidance:Fiber Optic Gyroscope
Nhanganyaya kune Fiber Optic Gyroscopes
Inertial navigation masisitimu anovimba zvakanyanya nekurongeka uye kurongeka kwezvikamu zvavo zvakakosha. Chimwe chikamu chakadaro chakawedzera zvakanyanya kugona kweaya masisitimu iFiber Optic Gyroscope (FOG). FOG inzwa yakakosha inoita basa rakakosha pakuyera kumhanyisa kwemutakuri nekururama kunoshamisa.
Fiber Optic Gyroscope Kushanda
FOGs inoshanda pamusimboti weSagnac mhedzisiro, iyo inosanganisira kupatsanura danda relaser kuita nzira mbiri dzakaparadzana, richiibvumira kufamba nenzira dzakapesana pamwe chete nefiber optic loop. Kana mutakuri, akaiswa neFOG, anotenderera, musiyano wekufamba kwenguva pakati pematanda maviri unoenderana neangular velocity yekutenderera kwemutakuri. Kunonoka panguva iyi, kunozivikanwa seSagnac phase shift, inobva yayerwa nemazvo, zvichiita kuti FOG ipe data chaiyo maererano nekutenderera kwemutakuri.
Nheyo yefiber optic gyroscope inosanganisira kubudisa mwenje wechiedza kubva kune photodetector. Iri mwenje wechiedza rinopfuura nemu coupler, richipinda kubva kune rimwe mugumo uye richibuda kubva kune rimwe. Inobva yafamba kuburikidza neoptical loop. Marara maviri echiedza, achiuya kubva kwakasiyana mativi, pinda muchiuno uye wopedzisa inobatana superposition mushure mekutenderera kutenderera. Chiedza chinodzoka chinopinda zvakare muchiedza-emitting diode (LED), iyo inoshandiswa kuona kusimba kwayo. Nepo musimboti wefiber optic gyroscope ungaratidzika sewakatwasuka, dambudziko rakakosha riri mukubvisa zvinhu zvinokanganisa kureba kwenzira yemwenje miviri. Iyi ndeimwe yematambudziko akanyanya kutarisana nawo mukugadzirwa kwefiber optic gyroscopes.
1: superluminescent diode 2: photodetector diode
3.light source coupler 4.fiber ring coupler 5.optical fiber ring
Zvakanakira zveFiber Optic Gyroscopes
MaFOG anopa mabhenefiti akati wandei anoita kuti ive yakakosha muinertial navigation system. Ivo vanozivikanwa nekururama kwavo kunoshamisa, kuvimbika, uye kugara kwenguva refu. Kusiyana nemichina gyros, maFOG haana zvikamu zvinofamba, zvichideredza njodzi yekupfeka uye kubvaruka. Pamusoro pezvo, ivo vanoshingirira kuvhunduka uye kuzununguka, zvichiita kuti ive yakanaka kune inoda nharaunda senge aerospace uye yekudzivirira application.
Kubatanidzwa kweFiber Optic Gyroscopes mune Inertial Navigation
Inertial navigation masisitimu ari kuwedzera kubatanidza maFOG nekuda kwekunyanya kwayo uye kuvimbika. Aya ma gyroscopes anopa akakosha angular velocity kuyerwa kunodiwa kuti ive chaiyo yekumisikidza kwekutarisa uye chinzvimbo. Nekubatanidza maFOG mune iripo inertial navigation masisitimu, vashandisi vanogona kubatsirwa kubva kune yakagadziridzwa kufambiswa kwechokwadi, kunyanya mumamiriro ezvinhu apo kunyatsojeka kunodiwa.
Zvishandiso zveFiber Optic Gyroscopes mune Inertial Navigation
Iko kuiswa kweFOG kwakawedzera mashandisirwo einertial navigation system munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana. Mumuchadenga nendege, masisitimu ane FOG anopa mhinduro dzekufamba kwendege, drones, uye spacecraft. Iwo zvakare anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukufamba kwemugungwa, geological ongororo, uye epamberi marobhoti, zvichiita kuti masisitimu aya ashande nekuwedzera kuita uye kuvimbika.
Yakasiyana Mamiriro Akasiyana eFiber Optic Gyroscopes
Fiber optic gyroscopes inouya mune dzakasiyana siyana masisitimu, ine iyo inonyanya kupinda munzvimbo yeinjiniya.yakavharwa-loop polarization-kuchengetedza fiber optic gyroscope. Pakati peiyo gyroscope ndiyopolarization-kuchengetedza fiber loop, inosanganisira polarization-kuchengetedza mafiber uye yakanyatsogadzirwa chimiro. Kuvakwa kwechishwe ichi kunosanganisira ina symmetric winding nzira, inowedzerwa neyakasarudzika yekuisa chisimbiso gel kuti iite yakasimba-state fiber loop coil.
Key Features ofPolarization-Kuchengetedza Fiber Optic Gyro Coil
▶Unique Framework Dhizaini:Iyo gyroscope loops inoratidzira yakasarudzika dhizaini inogadzika akasiyana marudzi epolarization-kuchengetedza mafiber zviri nyore.
▶Ina Symmetric Winding Technique:Iyo ina yakapetwa symmetric inotenderedza nzira inoderedza iyo Shupe mhedzisiro, kuve nechokwadi chaiwo uye akavimbika zviyero.
▶ Yepamusoro Kuisa Chisimbiso Gel Material:Iko kushandiswa kweyepamusoro yekuisa chisimbiso gel zvinhu, zvakasanganiswa neakasarudzika nzira yekurapa, inosimudzira kuramba kune vibrations, ichiita izvi zvishwe zvegyroscope zvakanakira maapplication munzvimbo dzinoda.
▶ High Temperature Coherence Stability:Iyo gyroscope loops inoratidza yakakwira tembiricha yakabatana kugadzikana, kuve nechokwadi chechokwadi kunyangwe mumamiriro ekupisa akasiyana.
▶ Yakareruka Chiremekedzo Chimiro:Iyo gyroscope loops inogadzirwa neyakajeka asi isina huremu chimiro, ichivimbisa yakakwirira yekugadzirisa iko.
▶ Consistent Winding process:Iyo yekumonereka maitiro inoramba yakatsiga, ichienderana nezvinodiwa zvakasiyana-siyana precision fiber optic gyroscopes.
Reference
Groves, PD (2008). Nhanganyaya kune Inertial Navigation.The Journal of Navigation, 61(1), 13-28.
El-Sheimy, N., Hou, H., & Niu, X. (2019). Inertial sensors matekinoroji ekufambisa maapplication: mamiriro ehunyanzvi.Satellite Navigation, 1(1), 1-15.
Woodman, OJ (2007). Nhanganyaya kune inertial navigation.Yunivhesiti yeCambridge, Computer Laboratory, UCAM-CL-TR-696.
Chatila, R., & Laumond, JP (1985). Position referensi uye inowirirana nyika modhi yemarobhoti enhare.MuMakumbiro e1985 IEEE International Musangano paRobhoti uye otomatiki(Bhuku 2, peji 138-145). IEEE.
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