Laser rangefinders ave maturusi anokosha muminda kubva kumitambo nekuvaka kusvika kumauto nesainzi kutsvaga. Midziyo iyi inoyera nhambwe zvine humbowo hunoshamisa nekuburitsa laser pulses uye kuongorora maratidziro avo. Kuti unzwisise mashandiro avanoita, zvakakosha kuputsa zvikamu zvavo zvakakosha. Muchikamu chino, tichaongorora zvikamu zvakakosha zve laser rangefinder uye mabasa avo mukuunza zviyero zvakaringana.
1. Laser Diode (Emitter)
Pamwoyo weese laser rangefinder ndiyo laser diode, iyo inogadzira iyo inobatana mwenje danda rinoshandiswa kuyera. Inowanzo shanda mupedyo-infrared spectrum (semuenzaniso, 905 nm kana 1550 nm wavelengths), diode inoburitsa mapfupi, anotarisisa mapurusi echiedza. Sarudzo yewavelength inoenzanisa kuchengetedzwa (kudzivirira maziso emunhu) uye kuita mumamiriro akasiyana ezvakatipoteredza. Madhiodhi emhando yepamusoro anovimbisa kusimba kwedanda, yakakosha pakureba kwehurefu.
2. Optical Lens System
Iyo optical lens system inoshanda maviri ekutanga mabasa:
- Collimation: Iyo yakaburitswa laser danda yakatetepa uye inomisikidzwa kuita danda rakafanana kudzikisa kupararira kwechinhambwe.
-Kutarisisa: Kune mwenje unodzoka unotaridza, malenzi anotarisa akapararira mafotoni pane detector.
Yepamberi renji mafinder anogona kusanganisira anochinjika lenzi kana zoom kugona kuti aenderane neakasiyana akatariswa saizi kana madaro.
3. Photodetector (Receiver)
Iyo photodetector-kazhinji avalanche photodiode (APD) kana PIN diode-inotora inoratidzwa laser pulses. APDs anosarudzwa kune akareba-renji maapplication nekuda kwekunzwa kwavo kwakanyanya uye kugona kukwidziridza masaini asina simba. Kusefa kunze ambient mwenje (semuenzaniso, chiedza chezuva), optical bandpass mafirita anosanganisirwa mune anogamuchira, kuve nechokwadi chete laser chaiyo wavelength inoonekwa.
4. Nguva-ye-Ndege (ToF) Circuitry
Iyo nguva-ye-ndege yedunhu ndiyo uropi huri kumashure kwechinhambwe kuverenga. Iyo inoyera kunonoka kwenguva pakati pepurusi yakaburitswa uye kuratidzwa kwakaonekwa. Sezvo mwenje uchifamba nekumhanya kunozivikanwa (~ 3 × 10⁸ m/s), chinhambwe chinoverengerwa uchishandisa formula:
Ultra-yakakwirira-kumhanya nguva (ine zvigadziriso mupiccoseconds) yakakosha kune mamirimita-level chaiyo, kunyanya mumapfupi-renji maapplication.
5. Chiratidzo Processing Unit
Raw data kubva kuphotodetector inogadziriswa ne microcontroller kana digital signal processor (DSP). Iyi unit inosefa ruzha, inotsiva zvakatipoteredza (semuenzaniso, kudzikamisa mhepo), uye inoshandura zviyero zvenguva kuita kuverenga kure. Yepamberi algorithms inogona zvakare kubata akawanda echoes (semuenzaniso, kusafuratira mashizha kana wakananga pahunde yemuti).
6. Ratidza uye Mushandisi Interface
Mazhinji mafinder anoratidza LCD kana OLED kuratidza kuratidza kuyerwa, kazhinji kukwidziridzwa nemodhi senge kutsetseka kwemateru, kuenderera mberi kutarisisa, kana Bluetooth yekubatanidza yekutema data. Zvekushandisa zvemushandisi — mabhatani, touchscreens, kana madhiri anotenderedzwa — anobvumira kugadziridzwa kwezviitiko zvekushandisa, sekutamba gorofu, kuvhima, kana kuongorora.
7. Power Supply
Bhatiri rechargeable compact (semuenzaniso, Li-ion) kana maseru anorasa simba pamudziyo. Kushanda kwesimba kwakakosha, kunyanya kune mamodheru anobatwa nemaoko anoshandiswa mumaseti ekunze. Mamwe ma rangefinders anosanganisira nzira dzekuchengetedza simba kuti uwedzere hupenyu hwebhatiri panguva yekusaita basa.
8. Dzimba uye Mounting Systems
Imba yacho yakagadzirirwa kusimba uye ergonomics, kazhinji iine zvisingaite mvura kana kuti shockproof zvinhu (IP ratings). Kubatanidzwa nemimwe michina (semuenzaniso, makamera, pfuti, kana drones), sarudzo dzekukwira senge zvigadziko zvitatu kana Picatinny rails inogona kuverengerwa.
Mashandiro Azvo Zvose Pamwe Chete
1. Laser diode inoburitsa pulse yakananga kune chinangwa.
2. Iro optical system inotungamirira danda uye inounganidza zviratidzo.
3. Iyo photodetector inotora chiratidzo chekudzoka, yakasvibiswa kubva kune ruzha rwemhepo.
4. The ToF circuitry inoverenga nguva yakapfuura.
5. Iyo processor inoshandura nguva kuenda kure uye inoratidza mhedzisiro.
Mhedziso
Kubva pakurongeka kwelaser diode yayo kusvika pakurongeka kwayo kugadzirisa algorithms, chimwe nechimwe chikamu chelaser rangefinder chinoita basa rakakosha mukuona chokwadi uye kuvimbika. Kunyangwe iwe uri gorofu uchitonga putt kana injinjini yekugadzira mepu, kunzwisisa zvinhu izvi kunobatsira pakusarudza chishandiso chakakodzera pane zvaunoda.
Nguva yekutumira: Mar-18-2025