Nheyo huru yekushanda kwelaser (Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation) yakavakirwa pachiitiko chekuburitswa kwechiedza kwakakurudzirwa. Kuburikidza nemagadzirirwo nemaumbirwo akatevedzana, malaser anogadzira marambi ane kubatana kwakanyanya, monochromaticity, uye kupenya. Malaser anoshandiswa zvakanyanya muhunyanzvi hwemazuva ano, kusanganisira muminda yakaita sekutaurirana, mushonga, kugadzira, kuyerwa, uye kutsvagisa kwesainzi. Kushanda kwawo kwakanyanya uye hunhu hwawo hwekudzora hunoita kuti ave chinhu chikuru chetekinoroji dzakawanda. Pazasi pane tsananguro yakadzama yenheyo dzekushanda kwemalaser uye mashandiro emhando dzakasiyana dzemalaser.
1. Kubuda Kwetsvina Kunokurumidziswa
Kuburitswa kwemhepo kwakakurudzirwandiyo musimboti mukuru wekugadzirwa kwelaser, yakatanga kutaurwa naEinstein muna 1917. Chiitiko ichi chinotsanangura kuti maphoton anowirirana anogadzirwa sei kuburikidza nekudyidzana pakati pechiedza nechinhu chinonakidza. Kuti tinzwisise zviri nani kuburitswa kwesimba, ngatitangei nekuburitswa kwesimba:
Kubuda Kwega Kwega: Mumaatomu, mamorekuru, kana zvimwe zvinhu zvidiki-diki, maerekitironi anogona kupinza simba rekunze (senge simba remagetsi kana remagetsi) uye kuchinja kuenda kune rimwe simba repamusoro, rinozivikanwa semamiriro ekufara. Zvisinei, maerekitironi emamiriro ekufara haana kugadzikana uye pakupedzisira anodzokera kune rimwe simba repasi, rinozivikanwa semamiriro epasi, mushure menguva pfupi. Munguva iyi, erekitironi inoburitsa photon, inova kubuda kwega kwega. Maphoton akadaro haana kurongeka maererano nefrequency, phase, uye direction, uye nokudaro haana kubatana.
Kubuda Kwemhepo Kunokurudzirwa: Chinhu chikuru chinoita kuti electron ibude pachena ndechekuti kana electron ine excited-state ikasangana nephoton ine simba rinoenderana nesimba rayo rekuchinja, photon inogona kukurudzira electron kuti idzokere pasi ichiburitsa photon itsva. Photon itsva yakafanana neyayo yekutanga maererano nefrequency, phase, uye propagation direction, zvichikonzera coherent light. Ichi chiitiko chinowedzera huwandu nesimba rephoton uye ndiyo nzira huru yema lasers.
Mhinduro Yakanaka yeKubuda Kwemhepo Yakasimbiswa: Mukugadzirwa kwema lasers, maitiro ekuburitsa chiedza anodzokororwa kakawanda, uye izvi zvinogona kuwedzera huwandu hwema photon zvakanyanya. Nekubatsira kwe resonant cavity, kubatana kwema photon kunochengetwa, uye simba rechiedza rinoramba richiwedzerwa.
2. Wana Pakati Nepakati
Iyowedzera purofitindiyo chinhu chikuru chiri mulaser chinosarudza kuwedzera kwemaphoton uye kubuda kwelaser. Ndiyo hwaro hwepanyama hwekusimudzira kubuda, uye hunhu hwayo hunosarudza frequency, wavelength, uye simba rekubuda kwelaser. Rudzi uye hunhu hwegain medium zvinokanganisa zvakananga kushandiswa uye mashandiro elaser.
Nzira yekukurudzira: Maerekitironi ari mu gain medium anofanira kusimudzirwa kusvika padanho repamusoro resimba kubva kune rimwe sosi yesimba rekunze. Maitiro aya anowanzoitwa nemasisitimu ekupa simba rekunze. Nzira dzakajairika dzekukurudzira dzinosanganisira:
Kupomba Kwemagetsi: Kufadza maerekitironi ari muchikamu chekuwedzera simba nekushandisa magetsi.
Kupomba Kwemaziso: Kufadza chinhu chacho nechiedza (senge rambi remoto kana imwe laser).
Sisitimu yeMatanho eSimba: Maerekitironi ari mu gain medium anowanzo kugoverwa mumazinga chaiwo esimba. Anonyanya kuzivikanwa ndeayamasisitimu ane nhanho mbiriuyemasisitimu ane nhanho inaMuhurongwa huri nyore hwematanho maviri, maerekitironi anoshanduka kubva mumamiriro epasi kuenda kumamiriro ekufashukira obva adzokera kumamiriro epasi kuburikidza nekuburitswa kwesimba. Muhurongwa hwematanho mana, maerekitironi anochinja-chinja zvakanyanya pakati pemazinga akasiyana esimba, zvichikonzera kushanda zvakanaka kwakanyanya.
Mhando dzeGain Media:
Kuwana Gasi Pakati Nepakati: Semuenzaniso, malaser ehelium-neon (He-Ne). Gas gain media anozivikanwa nekubuda kwawo kwakasimba uye urefu hwemafungu hwakagadzika, uye anoshandiswa zvakanyanya senzvimbo dzechiedza dzakajairwa mumarabhoritari.
Kuwana Mvura Pakati NepakatiSemuenzaniso, malaser edhayi. Mamorekuru edhayi ane hunhu hwakanaka hwekufadza pahurefu hwakasiyana hwema wavelength, zvichiita kuti ave akakodzera malaser anogadziriswa.
Simba Rinowana Pakati: Semuenzaniso, ma laser eNd(neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet). Ma laser aya anoshanda zvakanyanya uye ane simba, uye anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukucheka, kusanganisa, uye kushandiswa kwekurapa mumaindasitiri.
Kuwana Pakati Pemaseru eSemiconductorSemuenzaniso, zvinhu zvegallium arsenide (GaAs) zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukutaurirana uye muzvishandiso zve optoelectronic zvakaita se laser diodes.
3. Mhara yeResonator
Iyomukaha we resonatorchikamu chechimiro chiri mulaser chinoshandiswa pakupa mhinduro nekuwedzera simba. Basa rayo guru nderekuwedzera huwandu hwemaphoton anogadzirwa kuburikidza nekuburitswa kwesimba nekudziratidza nekudziwedzera mukati megomba, nokudaro zvichigadzira kubuda kwelaser kwakasimba uye kwakananga.
Maumbirwo eResonator Cavity: Kazhinji ine magirazi maviri akafanana. Rimwe girazi rinoratidza zvizere, rinozivikanwa segirazi rekumashure, uye rimwe racho girazi rinoratidza zvishoma, rinozivikanwa segirazi rinobudaMaphotoni anoonekwa achidzokera shure nekudzoka mukati megomba uye anowedzerwa kuburikidza nekubatana ne gain medium.
Mamiriro eRuzha: Dhizaini yenzvimbo ine resonator inofanira kusangana nemamiriro ezvinhu akati wandei, akadai sekuona kuti ma photon anoumba mafungu akamira mukati menzvimbo. Izvi zvinoda kuti kureba kwenzvimbo kuve kuwanda kwewavelength yelaser. Mafungu echiedza chete anosangana nemamiriro aya anogona kuwedzerwa zvinobudirira mukati menzvimbo.
Beam rinobuda: Girazi rinoratidza zvishoma rinobvumira chikamu chechiedza chakakwidziridzwa kuti chipfuure nepakati, zvichigadzira danda rekuburitsa relaser. Dara iri rine divi rakakwirira, kubatana, uye monochromaticity..
Kana uchida kudzidza zvakawanda kana kufarira lasers, ndapota inzwa wakasununguka kutibata nesu:
Lumispot
Kero: Chivako 4 #, Nhamba 99 Furong 3rd Road, Xishan Dist. Wuxi, 214000, China
Nhare: + 86-0510 87381808.
Nharembozha: + 86-15072320922
Email: sales@lumispot.cn
Webhusaiti: www.lumispot-tech.com
Nguva yekutumira: Gunyana-18-2024