Automotive LiDAR Background
Kubva 2015 kusvika 2020, nyika yakapa mitemo ine hukama, yakatarisana ne 'mota dzakangwara dzakabatana'uye'motokari dzinozvimiririra'. Pakutanga kwa2020, Nyika yakapa hurongwa huviri: Intelligent Vehicle Innovation uye Development Strategy uye Automobile Driving Automation Classification, kujekesa nzvimbo yehungwaru uye ramangwana rekusimudzira kwekutyaira kuzvitonga.
Yole Development, kambani yepasirese inobvunzana mazano, yakaburitsa mushumo wekutsvagisa indasitiri une chekuita ne 'Lidar for Automotive and Industrial Applications', yakataura kuti musika weLidar mumunda weMotokari unogona kusvika 5.7 bhiriyoni emadhora ekuAmerica panosvika 2026, zvinotarisirwa kuti mukomboni uyu pagore. mwero wekukura unogona kuwedzera kusvika kudarika 21% mumakore mashanu anotevera.
Chii chinonzi Automotive LiDAR?
LiDAR, ipfupi yeKuona Chiedza uye Kupenya, ishanduko tekinoroji yakashandura indasitiri yemotokari, kunyanya munzvimbo yemotokari dzinozvimiririra. Inoshanda nekuburitsa mapurusi echiedza - kazhinji kubva kune laser - kuenda kune chinangwa uye kuyera nguva inotora kuti mwenje udzoke kumashure kune sensor. Idzi data rinobva rashandiswa kugadzira akadzama matatu-dimensional mepu yenzvimbo yakatenderedza mota.
LiDAR masisitimu ane mukurumbira nekurongeka kwawo uye kugona kuona zvinhu nekurongeka kwepamusoro, zvichivaita chishandiso chakakosha chekutyaira wega. Kusiyana nemakamera anovimba nechiedza chinooneka uye anogona kunetseka pasi pemamwe mamiriro senge rakadzika mwenje kana zuva rakananga, LiDAR sensors inopa yakavimbika data mune akasiyana mwenje uye mamiriro ekunze. Uyezve, kugona kweLiDAR kuyera madaro nenzira kwayo kunobvumira kuwonekwa kwezvinhu, saizi yazvo, uye kunyangwe kumhanya kwazvo, izvo zvakakosha pakufambisa mamiriro akaomarara ekutyaira.
LiDAR Working Principle Flow Chart
LiDAR Zvishandiso mune otomatiki:
LiDAR (Kuona Chiedza uye Kupenya) tekinoroji muindasitiri yemotokari yakatarisana nekusimudzira kuchengetedzwa kwekutyaira uye kusimudzira tekinoroji dzekutyaira. Iyo yakakosha tekinoroji,Nguva Yekubhururuka (ToF), inoshanda nekuburitsa laser pulses uye kuverenga nguva inotora kuti mapurusi aya aonekwe kumashure kubva kune zvipingamupinyi. Iyi nzira inoburitsa yakanyanya kurongeka "point Cloud" data, iyo inogona kugadzira yakadzama-mativi matatu-mamepu enzvimbo yakatenderedza mota nekurongeka kwemasentimita, ichipa yakasarudzika yakasarudzika nzvimbo yekuziva kugona kwemotokari.
Iko kushandiswa kweLiDAR tekinoroji muchikamu chemotokari kunonyanya kutariswa munzvimbo dzinotevera:
Autonomous Driving Systems:LiDAR ndiyo imwe yeakakosha matekinoroji ekuwana epamusoro mazinga ekutyaira akazvimirira. Inonyatsoona nharaunda yakatenderedza mota, kusanganisira dzimwe mota, vanofamba netsoka, masaini emumugwagwa, uye mamiriro emumugwagwa, nekudaro ichibatsira mafambisirwo ekutyaira mukuita sarudzo nekukurumidza.
Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS):Munzvimbo yerubatsiro rwemutyairi, LiDAR inoshandiswa kuvandudza maficha ekuchengetedza mota, anosanganisira adaptive cruise control, emergency braking, kuona vanofamba netsoka, uye zvipingamupinyi mabasa.
Kufamba kweMotokari uye Mamiriro:Iwo epamusoro-chaiyo 3D mepu anogadzirwa neLiDAR anogona zvakanyanya kukwidziridza kurongeka kwemotokari, kunyanya munzvimbo dzemumaguta umo masaini eGPS akaganhurirwa.
Traffic Monitoring uye Management:LiDAR inogona kushandiswa kutarisa uye kuongorora mafambiro emigwagwa, kubatsira masystem emuguta mukugadzirisa kudzora kwechiratidzo uye kuderedza kuzara.
Kuremote sensing, rangefinding, otomatiki uye DTS, nezvimwe.
Unoda Kuonana Kwemahara?
Maitiro Akananga KuMotokari LiDAR
1. LiDAR Miniaturization
Maonero echinyakare eindasitiri yemotokari anobata kuti mota dzinozvimiririra hadzifanirwe kusiyana nechitarisiko kubva kumotokari dzemazuva ese kuti dzirambe dzichityaira mafaro uye inoshanda aerodynamics. Maonero aya akasimudzira maitiro ekuita miniaturizing LiDAR masisitimu. Ramangwana rakanaka nderekuti LiDAR ive diki zvakakwana kuti inyatsobatanidzwa mumuviri wemotokari. Izvi zvinoreva kudzikisira kana kutobvisa michina inotenderera zvikamu, shanduko inoenderana neiyo indasitiri zvishoma nezvishoma inofamba kubva kune yazvino laser zvimiro kuenda kune yakasimba-nyika LiDAR mhinduro. Solid-state LiDAR, isina zvikamu zvinofamba, inopa compact, yakavimbika, uye yakasimba mhinduro inokodzera zvakanaka mukati mekunakisa uye kushanda zvinodiwa zvemotokari dzemazuvano.
2. Embedded LiDAR Solutions
Sezvo tekinoroji dzekutyaira dzakazvimiririra dzakafambira mberi mumakore achangopfuura, vamwe vagadziri veLiDAR vatanga kudyidzana nevatengesi vezvikamu zvemotokari kugadzira zvigadziriso zvinobatanidza LiDAR muzvikamu zvemotokari, senge marambi emusoro. Kubatanidzwa uku hakungoshandire chete kuvanza iyo LiDAR masisitimu, kuchengetedza mota inoyevedza kukwezva, asi zvakare inosimudzira kuiswa kwehunyanzvi kukwirisa iyo LiDAR ndima yekuona uye kushanda. Kune mota dzevatyairi, mamwe mabasa eAdvanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) anoda kuti LiDAR itarise pamakona chaiwo pane kupa 360 ° maonero. Nekudaro, kune yakakwira nhanho yekuzvimiririra, senge Level 4, kufunga nezvekuchengetedza kunoda 360 ° yakatwasuka ndima yekuona. Izvi zvinotarisirwa kutungamira kune akawanda-point masisitimu ayo anovimbisa kuvharika kwakazara kutenderedza mota.
3.Kuderedza Mutengo
Sezvo tekinoroji yeLiDAR ichikura uye zvikero zvekugadzira, mitengo iri kudzikira, zvichiita kuti zvikwanisike kubatanidza masisitimu aya mumotokari dzakawanda, kusanganisira yepakati-renji modhi. Iyi democratization yeLiDAR tekinoroji inotarisirwa kukurumidzira kutorwa kwekuchengetedzwa kwepamusoro uye kuzvimiririra kutyaira maficha pamusika wemotokari.
Iwo maLIDAR ari pamusika nhasi anowanzo 905nm uye 1550nm/1535nm LIDAR, asi maererano nemutengo, 905nm ine mukana.
905nm LiDAR: Kazhinji, 905nm LiDAR masisitimu haadhure nekuda kwekuwanikwa kwakapararira kwezvikamu uye makura ekugadzira maitiro ane chekuita neiyi wavelength. Iyi mutengo mukana inoita kuti 905nm LiDAR inakidze kune maapplication uko renji uye chengetedzo yeziso isinganyanyi kukosha.
· 1550/1535nm LiDAR: Izvo zvikamu zve 1550 / 1535nm masisitimu, senge lasers uye ma detectors, anowanzo kudhura zvakanyanya, pamwe nekuti tekinoroji haina kupararira uye zvikamu zvakanyanya kuoma. Nekudaro, mabhenefiti maererano nekuchengetedza uye kuita anogona kururamisa mutengo wepamusoro kune mamwe maapplication, kunyanya mukutyaira wakazvimirira uko kunoonekwa nekuchengetedzeka kwenguva refu kwakakosha.
[Chibatanidza:Verenga Zvakawanda nezve kuenzanisa pakati pe905nm uye 1550nm/1535nm LiDAR]
4. Kuwedzera Kuchengetedza uye Kuwedzerwa ADAS
Tekinoroji yeLiDAR inosimudzira zvakanyanya mashandiro eAdvanced Driver-Assistance Systems (ADAS), ichipa mota dzine hunyanzvi hwekuita mepu yezvakatipoteredza. Kunyatsoita uku kunonatsiridza maficha akadai sekudzivirira kudhumhana, kuona vanofamba netsoka, uye adaptive rwendo rwekufamba, kusundira indasitiri padhuze nekuwana zvizere kutyaira.
FAQs
Mumotokari, LIDAR sensors inoburitsa mapurusi akareruka anobvongodza zvinhu uye kudzokera kune sensor. Nguva inotora kuti pulses idzoke inoshandiswa kuverenga nhambwe yezvinhu. Ruzivo urwu runobatsira kugadzira mepu yakadzama ye3D yezvakatenderedza mota.
Iyo yakajairika mota yeLIDAR sisitimu ine laser yekuburitsa mwenje pulses, scanner uye optics kutungamira pulses, photodetector inobata mwenje wakaratidzwa, uye yekugadzira unit yekuongorora iyo data uye kugadzira 3D inomiririra nharaunda.
Ehe, LIDAR inogona kuona zvinhu zvinofamba. Nekuyera shanduko yenzvimbo yezvinhu nekufamba kwenguva, LIDAR inogona kuverenga kumhanya kwavo uye trajectory.
LIDAR inosanganisirwa mumasisitimu ekuchengetedza mota kuti iwedzere zvinhu senge adaptive cruise control, kudzivirira kudhumhana, uye kuona vanofamba netsoka nekupa kwakaringana uye kwakavimbika nhanho kuyerwa uye kuona chinhu.
Kuenderera mberi kuri kuitika mumotokari yeLIDAR tekinoroji kunosanganisira kudzikisira saizi uye mutengo weLIDAR masisitimu, kuwedzera huwandu hwadzo uye kugadzirisa, uye kudzibatanidza zvisina musono mukugadzira uye kushanda kwemotokari.
[link:Key Parameters yeLIDAR Laser]
A 1.5μm pulsed fiber laser imhando yelaser sosi inoshandiswa mumotokari LIDAR masisitimu anoburitsa mwenje pakureba kwe1.5 micrometers (μm). Iyo inogadzira mapfupi mapfupi echiedza che infrared anoshandiswa kuyera madaro nekurova zvinhu uye kudzokera kuLIDAR sensor.
Iyo 1.5μm wavelength inoshandiswa nekuti inopa chiyero chakanaka pakati pekuchengetedza kweziso uye kupinza kwemhepo. MaLaser ari muchikamu ichi chewavelength haanyanyokonzeresa kukuvadza maziso emunhu pane ayo anobuda papfupi wavelengths uye anogona kuita zvakanaka mumamiriro ekunze akasiyana.
Nepo 1.5μm lasers ichiita zvirinani pane mwenje unooneka mumhute nemvura, kugona kwavo kupinza zvipingamupinyi zvemuchadenga kuchiri kushoma. Kuita mumamiriro ekunze akashata kunowanzo kuve nani pane mapfupi wavelength lasers asi isingashande seyakareba sarudzo dzewavelength.
Nepo 1.5μm pulsed fiber lasers inogona kutanga yawedzera mutengo weLIDAR masisitimu nekuda kwehunyanzvi hwavo hwehunyanzvi, kufambira mberi mukugadzira uye hupfumi hwezvikero zvinotarisirwa kudzikisa mutengo nekufamba kwenguva. Mabhenefiti avo maererano nekuita uye kuchengetedzeka kunoonekwa sekururamisa iyo investimendi.Kuita kwepamusoro uye kuwedzeredzwa kwekuchengetedza maficha anopihwa ne1.5μm pulsed fiber lasers anovaita mari yakakosha yemotokari LIDAR masisitimu..